V. Markov Metrolaser Inc., USA Play (24min) Download: FLV | MOV | Ogg | mp3

A variety of applications, such as entertainment, medical, design and engineering, can significantly benefit from the development of a goggles-free 3D imaging system. Although a number of such systems (spatially multiplexed, volumetric, autostereoscopic and electro-holography) have been suggested, practically examined and modeled, their practical implementation is far from complete, mostly due to unsatisfactory imaging quality. Recent technological advances, both with hardware and data processing software, open a new perspective in the development of advanced non-goggles based 3D displays. Approaches of special interest include temporal multiplexing and point-aspects, as they offer a goggles-free solution to 3D imaging. In this paper, we discuss the initial results in the development of 3D displays with an improved image quality and increased refresh rate based on the new concepts, namely, temporally multiplexing and point-aspect. The paper presents a thorough review of the current state-of-the-art of these two techniques and a perspective in their further practical engineering and realization.

K. Sato Shonan Institute of Technology, Fujisawa, Japan Play (12min) Download: FLV | MOV | Ogg | mp3

Recently, many types of 3-D displays have been developed. We would like to see 3-D moving images with comfortable and more expanded depth. Holography is different from the other 3-D display because a natural stereoscopic image can be obtained. We previously developed an electro holographic display using a virtual image. But the viewing area is small because the pixel size of the LCD is not so small.

Now, we have developed a projection type electro-holographic display system. For projection type holography [1] a 3-D screen has to be used in order to project the reconstructed image clearly and for the viewing angle to become wide. We developed an electro-holographic display system using a mist 3-D screen. However, a reconstructed image with a mist 3-D screen flickers due to gravity and air flow. Then we considered how to reduce the flicker of the image, and we found that flicker could be reduced using a flow controlled nozzle.

Hence, at first we considered the most suitable shape of 3-D screen, and then we constructed the array of flow controlled mist 3D screen. Through our experiments, we were able to obtain a considerably high contrast 3-D moving image and to achieve a viewing area of more than 30 using this flow controlled nozzle attached water particle 3-D screen and make clear the efficiency of this method.

K. Sato University of Hyogo, Japan Play (24min) Download: FLV | MOV | Ogg | mp3

A phase-shifting recording system is developed using a color CCD, a high-resolution reflective LCD panel, and red, green, and blue lasers. The phase of RGB reference lights can be precisely shifted by changing fringe patterns displayed on a reflective LCD panel. Since the phase shift in the present method is independent of the wavelength of the light, RGB in-line holograms for practical color images can be recorded at the same time by adopting a high-resolution color CCD. Wide 3D color images of high quality are reconstructed from the recorded complex amplitude in-line hologram. We record complex amplitude in-line holograms with the multi-channel CCD and reconstruct 3D images from the holograms with the multichannel LCD modulator in order to extend the viewing zone or the visual field of the holographic system.

K. Takano Tokyo Metroploitan College of Aeronautical Engineering, Japan Play (21min) Download: FLV | MOV | Ogg | mp3

In a remote educating process using a holographic 3D TV system, the technique for transmitting holographic 3D images will play a very important role, and a wireless transmission should be introduced around the area where the wired network system cannot be used. For this reason, a SSTV system has been studied by many authors, however, it requires more than 36 s to transmit one sheet of holographic image. In this report, a transmitting-time reduced SSTV process is presented, and it is shown that this process has nearly the same level of quality of recovered images as previous SSTV, and it is only accompanied by a slight deterioration in the quality of the recovered images.

Jacques Desbiens Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Play (27min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

By blending holographic imaging and 3D computer graphics, synthetic holography offers new possibilities in visual effects and image composition, some of which are impossible to conceive with any other medium. The multiple points of view and the ability to display content linked to the positions and movements of the observer makes synthetic holography a medium for which there is a whole new pictorial language to develop. This paper describes a series of experiments that shows the particularities of synthetic holography and deduces a few principles in image composition for computer generated holograms. In synthetic holograms, many image composition elements operate in a singular manner. The reversibility, decentralisation, simultaneity and synchronisation of content, the variability of alignments, the relationship between volumes and void, depth clarity and the spatial zones, temporal incoherence and the effects of time-smear, are all linked to the structure of the hologram and the movements of the observers. The optical characteristics of synthetic holograms have an impact on content choices. By understanding the elements of composition, the structure of multiple viewpoints perspective and the dynamics of observation in movements, the holographic artist can compose images that may lead spatial representation into new territories.

Ya-Ling Huang Ming-Chun Tsai Kun Shan University, Taiwan Play (10min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

This thesis presents a record of photographs taken of the more than 400 years old Anping Mazu Temple in Tainan as part of a joint project undertaken in March 2009 by the Hologram 3D Image Laboratory at Kun Shan University and Professor Richardson from De Montfort University in the United Kingdom. The focus of this work was to determine how best to combine a center of historical value and religious importance with advanced technology. Another important factor in the “photographic” process was the “human” element working together to showcase historical value. This project also marks the creation of new opportunities for the development of cultural creative industry. Key Words: Hologram 3D image, Cultural creative industry, Anping Mazu Temple 

Michiharu Yamamoto Nitto Denko Technical Corporation Play (20min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

Michiharu Yamamoto, W. Lin, T. Gu, D. Flores, P.Wang, Savas Tay, P.-A. Blanche, R. Voorakaranam, R. A. Norwood, & N. Peyghambarian
Nitto Denko Technical Corporation, 501 Via Del Monte, Oceanside, CA, 92058, USA Univ. of Arizona, Optical Science Center, 1630 East University Blvd., Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

The hologram approach can hold 3-D images recorded on mediums and are used in applications such as “counterfeit-proofing” of credit cards and banknotes. Conventional holographic recording materials, such as gelatin and silver halide, are non-rewriteable. Therefore, once the holograms have been recorded, they are not allowed to overwrite or rewrite continuous dynamic images on the same mediums. Photorefractive material and approach are superior by virtue of not only their rewritable characteristics but also the diffraction efficiency at high level as well as the excellent writing speed. However, not many materials and systems are not available and known for practical applications, so far. Unlike previous photorefractive materials, we developed new type of photorefractive material, in which images once recorded could be retained for a long time, while maintaining the high image brightness and fast writing speed. Since the image persistency can be retained up to several hours, the recorded images can now be adequately viewed over a long period. Since the image can form patterns which are subtly different by viewing from different angles, human eyes would perceive the patterns in total as three-dimensional images. The size of the hologram display is larger than the previously reported size, at 15 cm x 15 cm, which is the largest reported for a photorefractive material-based sample with good homogeneously and defect-free. We are currently working on larger size display fabrication and envision A4 size devices within a year. We hope to achieve color holograms by angular multiplexing of several holograms that can be readout by different color reading sources. Foreseeing various holographic applications for the photorefractive material developed this time, we plans to actively promote the development of various devices going forward for 3D visualization application areas such as medical imaging, industrial CAD-CAM design, and security devices. Keywords:Organic photorefractive material, Updatable, Large area, 

Bing-Chu Chen Zhongshan university, Guangzhou, China Play (15min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

In this paper we use model-based 3D reconstruction to get the real life 3D scene information through the traditional photos. A novel approach called modified integral imaging is present. The 3D data is encoded to 2D data by the algorithm of integral imaging. The coded 2D information is stored on the holographic plate by matrix holographic lithography. The reconstruction scenes exhibit large depth-of-field and have wide viewing-angle. It’s easy to duplicate the 3D scene using regular equipment. There are many applications such as holographic packaging and 3D logo using this technology.

Stanislovas Zacharovas Geola uab Play (34min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

In the article are described the latest Geola’s inventions rising the digital holography development to a new level, which allows mass-manufacture of large size digital holograms – i-Lumograms, as well as manufacture of colour reflection holograms for security applications. All that became possible by developing a full range of necessary holographic machinery that includes digital laserless life scenes imaging equipments, digital holographic printers and copying machines where our new copying method is implemented. Described printing and copying machinery works with pulsed colour lasers. All Geola machinery exists as working laboratory equipment and is used by us for continuous digital holograms printing. Image creation, hologram printing and copying processes can, and usually are, completely separated geographically. Colour reflection holograms usage as auto-stereoscopic projection displays for 3D gaming and home cinema applications is described, as well as digital holograms manufacture using mobile phone as a holographic imaging devise.

Jianhua Zhu Sichuan university, China Play (14min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

Digital holography uses CCD camera to replace conventional photographic plates for holographic recording, it features quick digital recording, high precision and reliability, no wet chemical processing, etc. Using Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) and liquid crystal display (LCD) as spatial light modulator (SLM) to dynamically display digital holograms and computer-generated holograms (CGHs) for three-dimensional holographic display could form the basis of future holographic TV and movie concepts, but due to the low spatial resolution of CCD and SLM, the optically reconstructed image of digital off-axis hologram captured by CCD and displayed on SLM has very small diffraction angle and is not likely be separated spatially from zero-order and twin images, it results in the low signal-to-noise (SNR) and image brightness. In this paper, a new two-step method, which involves in filtering in frequency domain and rebuilding of filtered hologram with high contrast, is proposed to process the original digital hologram and improve its optically reconstructed image quality for 3-dimensional dynamic holographic display. The first step is calculating the Fourier transform of original digital hologram, and using a proper window mask as spatial filterer to eliminate the zero-order component in the frequency domain. The second step is calculating the inverse Fourier transform of filtered spectra only containing the object and conjugate components, then rebuilding the filtered hologram with high contrast. Theoretical calculation shows that the optically reconstructed image quality of filtered digital hologram is much better than that of original digital hologram, the merit factors of SNR and image brightness of filtered hologram are all increased by approximately 200%. Then a dynamic digital holographic display system based on DMD is constructed to project the original and filtered digital holograms for comparative investigation, and the experimental results also show that the optically reconstructed image of the filtered digital hologram is visually much clearer and brighter than that of the original digital hologram. The image enhancement method and the dynamic holographic display setup demonstrated in this paper can be expected to find the practical applications in dynamic three-dimensional display, three-dimensional medical imaging, virtual reality, etc. 

Yuan-Zhi Liu Zhongshan (Sun Yat-Sen) university, China Play (9min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

A novel method for fast generating the hologram of the three-dimensional real scene with large scene depth is presented. Analytical form solutions to the electromagnetic field of the hologram plane are given. In the framework of our theory, the object can be encoded in the Fraunhofer form and reconstructed within the Fresnel distance without lens, even it does not satisfy the far-field condition. The analytical theory can avoid using the numerical algorithm- Fast Fourier Transform, which restricts a short depth-of-field scene by the Whittaker-Shannon sampling theorem. In order to accelerate the holographic computation, we employ the GPU instead of the CPU. We found that our analytical algorithm performs tens of times faster than those of CPU.

Ian Lancaster and Glenn P. Wood Reconnaissance International Play (23min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

Gabor’s first hologram was a display hologram (of sorts), and transmission display holograms were the first made following the invention of the laser. It was display holograms that inspired early artist and entrepreneur holographers, with some impressive, striking and still memorable early results. Yet no-one would deny that the subsequent history of display holography has been disappointing. For over two decades display holography has languished as the poor relation: surface-relief holograms have made the running in the commercial field, and institutional research in holography has focused on HOEs and data storage devices. Key players, such as Agfa and then Fuji, have pulled out and display holography courses have closed. Early aspirations and expectations for display holography as an artistic, promotional and illustrational medium have been disappointed. Similarly, the development of full-colour 3D holography progressed only in fits and starts, with early experiments in multi-exposure transmission holograms and pseudo-colour reflection holograms interesting to aficionados but not to illustrators or advertisers. Is this about to change? The last few years have seen renewed activity in the development of true-colour display holograms, both large format and small. Small specialist companies such as UHR, Rabbit Holes, Colour Holographic, Zebra and Geola have pushed forward with techniques for exposure of large format reflection holograms in true colour, while large companies such as Dai Nippon and Sony have made similar strides with small holograms. Once again display holograms catch attention – not just of aficionados but also of hard-nosed commercial clients and the public. But there are challenges still to overcome if display holography can fulfil the hopes and dreams of two generations of holographers. Price in large quantity is critical; so is consistency. And there is competition for the mantle of 3D visual medium from lenticular printing (which has also improved substantially), computerised display systems, projector screens (the best of which use HOEs) and telepresence systems (masquerading as holograms). The foundations of the techniques and technologies for large-scale full-colour display holograms are in place. Can these be built on in the next decade to bring display holography to the point which all its practitioners hope for? In this paper I will expand on the factors that will affect this future.

Jacques Desbiens www.i-jacques.com Play (41min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

The structure of a synthetic hologram is made of thousands of 3D computer graphic images corresponding to as much points of view on a three-dimensional scene. This technology brings back a perspectivist approach to holography. However, the multiple viewpoints of these holograms depart from the fix single point of view of classical perspective. To appreciate the entire space, the observer has to vary its points of view; he has to move, to walk. Holographic panoramagrams are indeed panoramas. In the history of imaging, very few occidental artists have undertaken the representation of space and volume from variable points of view, whereas this approach is widespread in oriental landscape painting. In this paper, we take a look at the history of multiple points of view perspective to seize the particularities of synthetic holography and better understand its place in the historical development of 3D imaging and holography. Searching in the texts of renaissance treatises on perspective and oriental treatises on painting, we can find several indications that the artists of the past centuries where aware of the necessity of representing multiple points of view and attempted to do so. From Jean Pelerin Viator and Kuo Hsi, the concepts of multiple viewpoints in spatial representation have found their way into synthetic holography, to create the necessary conditions for imaging space in its entirety. 

Pawel Stepien Marcin Badenski Polish Holographic Systems, Poland Play (23min) Download: FLV | MOV | mp3

The eye of a man is perfectly designed by nature, but still it can be deceived. This attribute is the basics of holography, especially useful for making the 3D effects. In traditional rainbow holograms the diffractive pattern is recorded to be visible in white light as 3D image, but with parallax in one direction only. Is it possible to easily create a computer generated pattern which will be visible by the viewer as 3D image with parallax in all directions (like a relief)? Yes, it can be achieved using generalized Fresnel lens to calculate structures then recorded by optical lithography. The Kinemax technology was originally designed for exposing rainbow holograms with best diffraction efficiency. The further development of both optics and software enabled the possibility of using of Kinemax system as optical lithography unit. The essential feature of optical lithography is exposing images directly, with very high resolution. The Fresnel lens is well-know method of imitating thick real lens by the flat pattern, which modulates the phase of light. It is possible to imitate spherical lens, cylindrical lens etc. But it is also possible to make a lot more complicated designs, which will be visible for the viewer as full 3D reliefs, being less than micron thick. The exposed pattern is calculated in the similar way as the pattern of the Fresnel lenses. New Kinemax-Litho system combines generalized Fresnel lens calculation technique with optical lithography recording, allowing to expose very complicated, highly detailed designs. However the designing process is very simple, does not require much of technical or theoretical knowledge. The depth of 3D relief is represented on the design by the level of gray in a 8-bit grayscale bitmap file, in the way similar to the change of colors on the relief map. So the only limitations in preparing the designs is imagination and graphical designing abilities.